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THEMATIC CATALOGUE

TURKISH AGGRESSION IN TRANSCAUCASUS IN 1918: In violation of the cease-fire agreement concluded on December 5, 1917 in Yerznka town between the Transcaucasus states (United Transcaucasus Committee) and Turkey, as well as the Brest-Lithuenian Peace Agreement (March 3, 1918) Turkey broke into the territory of Transcaucasus in the spring of 1918 and moved in two directions: Yerevan-Julfa-Nakhichevan and Dilijan-Akstafa-Yelizavetpol-Baku. In early June the Turkish Army led by Nuri-Pashi reached Yelizavetpol. The local detachments of self-defense of the

Armenians were disarmed, and the efforts of the Turks were concentrated in the direction of Baku. During the period from July to August the Turkish Army exterminated the entire Armenian population of Nukhi, Aresh, Shemakh and Geokch Districts (over 50,000 people), robbed and destroyed the Armenian villages. The Turkish troops broke through the resistance of the armed forces of Baku which primarily comprised Armenians and after three abortive attempts (on July 31, August 5 and 31) they took Baku on September 15, 1918.

TURKS: The Turks (in Russian sources referred to as "Caucasus Tatars") first appeared in East Transcaucasus in the Medieval Ages. The nomadic-based society of the Turks, and confessing Shiitism, small in number, accounted for the absence of the state system and the lack of any political role of the Turks in the region. Until the 1930s' the ethnic position in the region was characterized by the stereotyped phrase "Moslems-Armenians".

TURKEY: In September of 1918 Turkey occupied Baku and perpetrating the massacre of over 30,000 Armenians, the main force of resistance, passed the power to the Mousavists.

THE ARMENIANS lived since the ancient times on the territory of the former AzSSR which is the cradle of the Karabagh (right bank of the River Kura) and Shemakh (left bank of the River Kura) dialects of the Armenian language. Until the 19th century the local princes typically held their domains in the form of independent or semi-independent states (kingdoms, principalities and khanates) and were directly involved in the political economic and cultural spheres of the region.

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