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TOPONYMICS
GANDZASAR TEMPLE: The administrative, political and spiritual center of Artsakh. It is situated on a hill on the left bank of the River Khachenaget (Martekert Region of MKAO as of January 1, 1988). The etymology of "Gandzasar" (which means "a treasury mountain" in Armenian) is connected with the silver mines beneath the hill. In the place of the old temple (mentioned in the sources of the 10th century) a new one was erected by Prince Hasan Jalalian and sanctified on the Vardavar Day on July 22, 1240. Gandzasar served as the residence and family sepulcher of Hasan-
Jalalian dynasty. Gandzasar was the Mother Seat of Aghvan from the 14th century until 1815 when following the instruction of the Russian authorities it became metropolitan see, and later, since 1857 the Eparchy of Artsakh. The catholicii of Aghvank cooperated with the Karabagh meliks in activities of administrative character, as well as during the liberation wars. For the first time the appeals of the eastern Armenians were sent to the Russian Tsar from Gandzasar on receiving Russian citizenship and military assistance for the liberation from the Persian-Turkish yoke (18th century). In particular, Yesai Hasan-Jalalian, the Catholicos of Aghvan, played a significant role в этом деле (at the beginning of the 18th century). Panah Khan who settled here and his successors were in severe opposition with the catholicii of Gandzasar.
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